RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2016 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
BY MATERNAL PRENATAL WIC STATUS

  TOTAL MOTHER'S WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births Births
# % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 120,765 100.0 52,409 43.4 68,356 56.6
RACE/ETHNICITY: 66,825 55.3 19,775 37.7 47,050 68.8
...White, Non-Hispanic
...Black, Non-Hispanic 28,406 23.5 18,147 34.6 10,259 15.0
...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic 1,576 1.3 897 1.7 679 1.0
...Other, Non-Hispanic 5,603 4.6 1,514 2.9 4,089 6.0
...Hispanic 18,355 15.2 12,076 23.0 6,279 9.2
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 280 0.2 43 0.1 237 0.3
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 1,726 1.4 734 1.4 992 1.5
...1500-2499 grams 9,150 7.6 4,514 8.6 4,636 6.8
...2500+ grams 109,577 90.7 47,112 89.9 62,465 91.4
...Unknown 32 0.0 6 0.0 26 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 858 0.7 288 0.5 570 0.8
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 1,389 1.2 590 1.1 799 1.2
...32-36 weeks 10,302 8.5 4,637 8.8 5,665 8.3
...37+ weeks 108,165 89.6 46,888 89.5 61,277 89.6
...Unknown 51 0.0 6 0.0 45 0.1
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,981 1.6 1,614 3.1 367 0.5
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 100,222 83.0 45,425 86.7 54,797 80.2
...35+ years 18,560 15.4 5,370 10.2 13,190 19.3
...Unknown 2 0.0 0 0 2 0.0
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 17,322 14.3 12,964 24.7 4,358 6.4
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 27,432 22.7 17,983 34.3 9,449 13.8
...Some College 38,279 31.7 17,726 33.8 20,553 30.1
...Bachelors Degree 24,233 20.1 3,001 5.7 21,232 31.1
...Masters or PhD 13,157 10.9 579 1.1 12,578 18.4
...Unknown 342 0.3 156 0.3 186 0.3
MARITAL STATUS: 71,914 59.5 18,619 35.5 53,295 78.0
...Married
...Unmarried 48,789 40.4 33,778 64.5 15,011 22.0
...Unknown 62 0.1 12 0.0 50 0.1
PARITY: 38,672 32.0 16,244 31.0 22,428 32.8
...1
...2-3 56,428 46.7 23,176 44.2 33,252 48.6
...4+ 25,574 21.2 12,955 24.7 12,619 18.5
...Unknown 91 0.1 34 0.1 57 0.1
PLURITY: 116,516 96.5 50,787 96.9 65,729 96.2
...Singleton
...Twin 4,126 3.4 1,588 3.0 2,538 3.7
...Other Multiples 123 0.1 34 0.1 89 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 85,189 70.5 37,341 71.2 47,848 70.0
...Vaginal
...C-Section 35,538 29.4 15,057 28.7 20,481 30.0
...Unknown 38 0.0 11 0.0 27 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 83,319 69.0 32,854 62.7 50,465 73.8
...First
...Second 28,009 23.2 15,444 29.5 12,565 18.4
...Third 6,530 5.4 3,117 5.9 3,413 5.0
...No care 1,931 1.6 574 1.1 1,357 2.0
...Unknown 976 0.8 420 0.8 556 0.8
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 1,404 1.2 630 1.2 774 1.1
...Missing
...Inadequate 22,076 18.3 11,660 22.2 10,416 15.2
...Intermediate 6,828 5.7 3,550 6.8 3,278 4.8
...Adequate 31,620 26.2 13,180 25.1 18,440 27.0
...Adequate Plus 58,837 48.7 23,389 44.6 35,448 51.9
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 119,262 98.8 52,178 99.6 67,084 98.1
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 610 0.5 122 0.2 488 0.7
...Other 893 0.7 109 0.2 784 1.1
MOTHER SMOKED? 10,776 8.9 7,130 13.6 3,646 5.3
...Yes
...No 109,627 90.8 45,189 86.2 64,438 94.3
...Unknown 362 0.3 90 0.2 272 0.4
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 4,243 3.5 2,126 4.1 2,117 3.1
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 51,178 42.4 18,492 35.3 32,686 47.8
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 29,790 24.7 13,075 24.9 16,715 24.5
...Obese (30.0+) 32,710 27.1 17,406 33.2 15,304 22.4
...Unknown 2,844 2.4 1,310 2.5 1,534 2.2
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 98,495 81.6 38,801 74.0 59,694 87.3
...Yes
...No 21,898 18.1 13,494 25.7 8,404 12.3
...Unknown 372 0.3 114 0.2 258 0.4
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 57,650 47.7 41,031 78.3 16,619 24.3
...Prenatal Medicaid*
...Emergency Medicaid** 8,407 7.0 6,576 12.5 1,831 2.7
...Non-Medicaid 54,708 45.3 4,802 9.2 49,906 73.0

RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2016 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY RACE/ETHNICITY

  TOTAL RACE/ETHNICITY:
...White, Non-Hispanic ...Black, Non-Hispanic ...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic ...Other, Non-Hispanic ...Hispanic
Births Births Births Births Births Births
# % # % # % # % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 52,409 100.0 19,775 37.7 18,147 34.6 897 1.7 1,514 2.9 12,076 23.0
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 43 0.1 13 0.1 19 0.1 2 0.2 1 0.1 8 0.1
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 734 1.4 227 1.1 353 1.9 18 2.0 16 1.1 120 1.0
...1500-2499 grams 4,514 8.6 1,583 8.0 2,021 11.1 95 10.6 103 6.8 712 5.9
...2500+ grams 47,112 89.9 17,950 90.8 15,751 86.8 782 87.2 1,394 92.1 11,235 93.0
...Unknown 6 0.0 2 0.0 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 288 0.5 91 0.5 140 0.8 5 0.6 7 0.5 45 0.4
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 590 1.1 182 0.9 256 1.4 20 2.2 12 0.8 120 1.0
...32-36 weeks 4,637 8.8 1,751 8.9 1,849 10.2 84 9.4 106 7.0 847 7.0
...37+ weeks 46,888 89.5 17,750 89.8 15,899 87.6 787 87.7 1,389 91.7 11,063 91.6
...Unknown 6 0.0 1 0.0 3 0.0 1 0.1 0 0 1 0.0
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,614 3.1 513 2.6 614 3.4 42 4.7 19 1.3 426 3.5
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 45,425 86.7 17,844 90.2 15,993 88.1 787 87.7 1,267 83.7 9,534 78.9
...35+ years 5,370 10.2 1,418 7.2 1,540 8.5 68 7.6 228 15.1 2,116 17.5
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 12,964 24.7 3,396 17.2 2,852 15.7 186 20.7 485 32.0 6,045 50.1
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 17,983 34.3 7,266 36.7 6,407 35.3 389 43.4 445 29.4 3,476 28.8
...Some College 17,726 33.8 7,788 39.4 7,266 40.0 281 31.3 368 24.3 2,023 16.8
...Bachelors Degree 3,001 5.7 1,099 5.6 1,332 7.3 35 3.9 151 10.0 384 3.2
...Masters or PhD 579 1.1 181 0.9 259 1.4 6 0.7 56 3.7 77 0.6
...Unknown 156 0.3 45 0.2 31 0.2 0 0 9 0.6 71 0.6
MARITAL STATUS: 18,619 35.5 8,776 44.4 3,454 19.0 240 26.8 1,025 67.7 5,124 42.4
...Married
...Unmarried 33,778 64.5 10,993 55.6 14,690 81.0 657 73.2 489 32.3 6,949 57.5
...Unknown 12 0.0 6 0.0 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 3 0.0
PARITY: 16,244 31.0 6,855 34.7 5,695 31.4 338 37.7 462 30.5 2,894 24.0
...1
...2-3 23,176 44.2 8,950 45.3 7,715 42.5 372 41.5 707 46.7 5,432 45.0
...4+ 12,955 24.7 3,959 20.0 4,723 26.0 186 20.7 343 22.7 3,744 31.0
...Unknown 34 0.1 11 0.1 14 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.1 6 0.0
PLURITY: 50,787 96.9 19,180 97.0 17,448 96.1 855 95.3 1,473 97.3 11,831 98.0
...Singleton
...Twin 1,588 3.0 589 3.0 686 3.8 42 4.7 38 2.5 233 1.9
...Other Multiples 34 0.1 6 0.0 13 0.1 0 0 3 0.2 12 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 37,341 71.2 13,930 70.4 12,415 68.4 586 65.3 1,126 74.4 9,284 76.9
...Vaginal
...C-Section 15,057 28.7 5,838 29.5 5,731 31.6 311 34.7 388 25.6 2,789 23.1
...Unknown 11 0.0 7 0.0 1 0.0 0 0 0 0 3 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 32,854 62.7 13,530 68.4 11,189 61.7 565 63.0 806 53.2 6,764 56.0
...First
...Second 15,444 29.5 4,916 24.9 5,485 30.2 277 30.9 579 38.2 4,187 34.7
...Third 3,117 5.9 987 5.0 1,160 6.4 38 4.2 96 6.3 836 6.9
...No care 574 1.1 179 0.9 195 1.1 4 0.4 18 1.2 178 1.5
...Unknown 420 0.8 163 0.8 118 0.7 13 1.4 15 1.0 111 0.9
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 630 1.2 221 1.1 192 1.1 13 1.4 20 1.3 184 1.5
...Missing
...Inadequate 11,660 22.2 3,611 18.3 4,225 23.3 156 17.4 435 28.7 3,233 26.8
...Intermediate 3,550 6.8 1,100 5.6 1,187 6.5 90 10.0 84 5.5 1,089 9.0
...Adequate 13,180 25.1 5,093 25.8 4,246 23.4 299 33.3 365 24.1 3,177 26.3
...Adequate Plus 23,389 44.6 9,750 49.3 8,297 45.7 339 37.8 610 40.3 4,393 36.4
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 52,178 99.6 19,633 99.3 18,093 99.7 896 99.9 1,510 99.7 12,046 99.8
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 122 0.2 69 0.3 31 0.2 0 0 2 0.1 20 0.2
...Other 109 0.2 73 0.4 23 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.1 10 0.1
MOTHER SMOKED? 7,130 13.6 4,961 25.1 1,720 9.5 219 24.4 42 2.8 188 1.6
...Yes
...No 45,189 86.2 14,763 74.7 16,395 90.3 677 75.5 1,470 97.1 11,884 98.4
...Unknown 90 0.2 51 0.3 32 0.2 1 0.1 2 0.1 4 0.0
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 2,126 4.1 1,052 5.3 657 3.6 44 4.9 102 6.7 271 2.2
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 18,492 35.3 7,681 38.8 5,596 30.8 296 33.0 787 52.0 4,132 34.2
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 13,075 24.9 4,534 22.9 4,274 23.6 198 22.1 348 23.0 3,721 30.8
...Obese (30.0+) 17,406 33.2 6,179 31.2 7,250 40.0 347 38.7 222 14.7 3,408 28.2
...Unknown 1,310 2.5 329 1.7 370 2.0 12 1.3 55 3.6 544 4.5
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 38,801 74.0 14,326 72.4 12,066 66.5 462 51.5 1,235 81.6 10,712 88.7
...Yes
...No 13,494 25.7 5,392 27.3 6,049 33.3 427 47.6 270 17.8 1,356 11.2
...Unknown 114 0.2 57 0.3 32 0.2 8 0.9 9 0.6 8 0.1
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 41,031 78.3 17,540 88.7 16,750 92.3 855 95.3 1,274 84.1 4,612 38.2
...Prenatal Medicaid*
...Emergency Medicaid** 6,576 12.5 36 0.2 68 0.4 0 0 70 4.6 6,402 53.0
...Non-Medicaid 4,802 9.2 2,199 11.1 1,329 7.3 42 4.7 170 11.2 1,062 8.8

* Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. ** Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding.
Source: State Center for Health Statistics NC Department of Health and Human Services

2016 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY COUNTY OF RESIDENCE

  TOTAL MOTHER'S PRENATAL WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births
# % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 120,765 52,409 43.4 68,356 56.6
RESIDENCE: 1,856 925 49.8 931 50.2
Alamance
Alexander 343 158 46.1 185 53.9
Alleghany 95 49 51.6 46 48.4
Anson 266 185 69.5 81 30.5
Ashe 209 118 56.5 91 43.5
Avery 149 70 47.0 79 53.0
Beaufort 431 287 66.6 144 33.4
Bertie 190 141 74.2 49 25.8
Bladen 333 203 61.0 130 39.0
Brunswick 978 492 50.3 486 49.7
Buncombe 2,595 1,056 40.7 1,539 59.3
Burke 900 521 57.9 379 42.1
Cabarrus 2,477 778 31.4 1,699 68.6
Caldwell 822 425 51.7 397 48.3
Camden 90 28 31.1 62 68.9
Carteret 546 234 42.9 312 57.1
Caswell 203 96 47.3 107 52.7
Catawba 1,664 795 47.8 869 52.2
Chatham 640 247 38.6 393 61.4
Cherokee 257 163 63.4 94 36.6
Chowan 113 71 62.8 42 37.2
Clay 101 63 62.4 38 37.6
Cleveland 1,059 640 60.4 419 39.6
Columbus 593 378 63.7 215 36.3
Craven 1,439 790 54.9 649 45.1
Cumberland 5,446 2,621 48.1 2,825 51.9
Currituck 262 81 30.9 181 69.1
Dare 319 125 39.2 194 60.8
Davidson 1,771 853 48.2 918 51.8
Davie 420 186 44.3 234 55.7
Duplin 706 449 63.6 257 36.4
Durham 4,346 1,637 37.7 2,709 62.3
Edgecombe 567 430 75.8 137 24.2
Forsyth 4,495 2,064 45.9 2,431 54.1
Franklin 683 262 38.4 421 61.6
Gaston 2,524 1,114 44.1 1,410 55.9
Gates 111 58 52.3 53 47.7
Graham 84 57 67.9 27 32.1
Granville 570 250 43.9 320 56.1
Greene 207 144 69.6 63 30.4
Guilford 6,258 2,805 44.8 3,453 55.2
Halifax 559 394 70.5 165 29.5
Harnett 1,861 772 41.5 1,089 58.5
Haywood 616 319 51.8 297 48.2
Henderson 1,089 478 43.9 611 56.1
Hertford 223 152 68.2 71 31.8
Hoke 935 313 33.5 622 66.5
Hyde 39 28 71.8 11 28.2
Iredell 1,924 778 40.4 1,146 59.6
Jackson 392 170 43.4 222 56.6
Johnston 2,336 907 38.8 1,429 61.2
Jones 83 45 54.2 38 45.8
Lee 810 488 60.2 322 39.8
Lenoir 647 410 63.4 237 36.6
Lincoln 809 351 43.4 458 56.6
McDowell 444 251 56.5 193 43.5
Macon 333 201 60.4 132 39.6
Madison 196 96 49.0 100 51.0
Martin 237 148 62.4 89 37.6
Mecklenburg 14,876 4,933 33.2 9,943 66.8
Mitchell 141 79 56.0 62 44.0
Montgomery 296 186 62.8 110 37.2
Moore 1,132 403 35.6 729 64.4
Nash 1,016 631 62.1 385 37.9
New Hanover 2,241 793 35.4 1,448 64.6
Northampton 200 140 70.0 60 30.0
Onslow 3,959 1,642 41.5 2,317 58.5
Orange 1,166 373 32.0 793 68.0
Pamlico 98 62 63.3 36 36.7
Pasquotank 479 242 50.5 237 49.5
Pender 651 279 42.9 372 57.1
Perquimans 122 60 49.2 62 50.8
Person 401 206 51.4 195 48.6
Pitt 2,023 975 48.2 1,048 51.8
Polk 140 47 33.6 93 66.4
Randolph 1,600 866 54.1 734 45.9
Richmond 518 363 70.1 155 29.9
Robeson 1,775 1,133 63.8 642 36.2
Rockingham 937 517 55.2 420 44.8
Rowan 1,650 757 45.9 893 54.1
Rutherford 659 409 62.1 250 37.9
Sampson 831 495 59.6 336 40.4
Scotland 455 335 73.6 120 26.4
Stanly 690 336 48.7 354 51.3
Stokes 380 175 46.1 205 53.9
Surry 723 362 50.1 361 49.9
Swain 169 53 31.4 116 68.6
Transylvania 263 126 47.9 137 52.1
Tyrrell 51 29 56.9 22 43.1
Union 2,416 676 28.0 1,740 72.0
Vance 530 315 59.4 215 40.6
Wake 13,019 3,647 28.0 9,372 72.0
Warren 177 125 70.6 52 29.4
Washington 126 97 77.0 29 23.0
Watauga 367 130 35.4 237 64.6
Wayne 1,636 859 52.5 777 47.5
Wilkes 691 385 55.7 306 44.3
Wilson 964 572 59.3 392 40.7
Yadkin 392 168 42.9 224 57.1
Yancey 154 78 50.6 76 49.4

* Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. ** Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding
Source: State Center for Health Statistics NC Department of Health and Human Services