RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2018 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
BY MATERNAL PRENATAL WIC STATUS

  TOTAL MOTHER'S WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births Births
# % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 118,957 100.0 47,451 39.9 71,506 60.1
RACE/ETHNICITY: 64,637 54.3 17,492 36.9 47,145 65.9
...White, Non-Hispanic
...Black, Non-Hispanic 28,719 24.1 17,084 36.0 11,635 16.3
...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic 1,608 1.4 800 1.7 808 1.1
...Other, Non-Hispanic 5,634 4.7 1,308 2.8 4,326 6.0
...Hispanic 18,359 15.4 10,767 22.7 7,592 10.6
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 240 0.2 43 0.1 197 0.3
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 1,696 1.4 658 1.4 1,038 1.5
...1500-2499 grams 9,083 7.6 4,195 8.8 4,888 6.8
...2500+ grams 107,909 90.7 42,544 89.7 65,365 91.4
...Unknown 29 0.0 11 0.0 18 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 755 0.6 219 0.5 536 0.7
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 1,339 1.1 539 1.1 800 1.1
...32-36 weeks 10,251 8.6 4,299 9.1 5,952 8.3
...37+ weeks 106,552 89.6 42,388 89.3 64,164 89.7
...Unknown 60 0.1 6 0.0 54 0.1
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,629 1.4 1,232 2.6 397 0.6
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 98,050 82.4 40,993 86.4 57,057 79.8
...35+ years 19,274 16.2 5,226 11.0 14,048 19.6
...Unknown 4 0.0 0 0 4 0.0
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 15,637 13.1 10,826 22.8 4,811 6.7
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 28,323 23.8 17,158 36.2 11,165 15.6
...Some College 37,033 31.1 15,942 33.6 21,091 29.5
...Bachelors Degree 24,112 20.3 2,776 5.9 21,336 29.8
...Masters or PhD 13,466 11.3 569 1.2 12,897 18.0
...Unknown 386 0.3 180 0.4 206 0.3
MARITAL STATUS: 70,305 59.1 16,271 34.3 54,034 75.6
...Married
...Unmarried 48,599 40.9 31,167 65.7 17,432 24.4
...Unknown 53 0.0 13 0.0 40 0.1
PARITY: 38,393 32.3 14,829 31.3 23,564 33.0
...1
...2-3 55,027 46.3 20,669 43.6 34,358 48.0
...4+ 25,448 21.4 11,926 25.1 13,522 18.9
...Unknown 89 0.1 27 0.1 62 0.1
PLURITY: 114,952 96.6 45,915 96.8 69,037 96.5
...Singleton
...Twin 3,873 3.3 1,500 3.2 2,373 3.3
...Other Multiples 132 0.1 36 0.1 96 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 83,937 70.6 33,662 70.9 50,275 70.3
...Vaginal
...C-Section 34,982 29.4 13,775 29.0 21,207 29.7
...Unknown 38 0.0 14 0.0 24 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 80,865 68.0 29,471 62.1 51,394 71.9
...First
...Second 27,629 23.2 13,879 29.2 13,750 19.2
...Third 7,007 5.9 2,979 6.3 4,028 5.6
...No care 2,248 1.9 610 1.3 1,638 2.3
...Unknown 1,208 1.0 512 1.1 696 1.0
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 1,624 1.4 701 1.5 923 1.3
...Missing
...Inadequate 22,385 18.8 10,421 22.0 11,964 16.7
...Intermediate 6,436 5.4 3,065 6.5 3,371 4.7
...Adequate 32,287 27.1 12,401 26.1 19,886 27.8
...Adequate Plus 56,225 47.3 20,863 44.0 35,362 49.5
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 117,196 98.5 47,207 99.5 69,989 97.9
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 633 0.5 108 0.2 525 0.7
...Other 1,128 0.9 136 0.3 992 1.4
MOTHER SMOKED? 9,938 8.4 6,195 13.1 3,743 5.2
...Yes
...No 108,985 91.6 41,246 86.9 67,739 94.7
...Unknown 34 0.0 10 0.0 24 0.0
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 3,784 3.2 1,804 3.8 1,980 2.8
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 47,946 40.3 15,828 33.4 32,118 44.9
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 30,169 25.4 11,790 24.8 18,379 25.7
...Obese (30.0+) 34,527 29.0 16,993 35.8 17,534 24.5
...Unknown 2,531 2.1 1,036 2.2 1,495 2.1
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 96,218 80.9 34,461 72.6 61,757 86.4
...Yes
...No 22,386 18.8 12,900 27.2 9,486 13.3
...Unknown 353 0.3 90 0.2 263 0.4
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 57,194 48.1 37,972 80.0 19,222 26.9
...Prenatal Medicaid1
...Emergency Medicaid2 7,278 6.1 5,251 11.1 2,027 2.8
...Non-Medicaid 54,485 45.8 4,228 8.9 50,257 70.3

1 Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. 2 Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding
Source: State Center for Health Statistics, N.C. Department of Health and Human Services

RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2018 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY RACE/ETHNICITY

  TOTAL RACE/ETHNICITY:
...White, Non-Hispanic ...Black, Non-Hispanic ...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic ...Other, Non-Hispanic ...Hispanic
Births Births Births Births Births Births
# % # % # % # % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 47,451 100.0 17,492 36.9 17,084 36.0 800 1.7 1,308 2.8 10,767 22.7
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 43 0.1 10 0.1 23 0.1 2 0.3 1 0.1 7 0.1
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 658 1.4 180 1.0 365 2.1 12 1.5 13 1.0 88 0.8
...1500-2499 grams 4,195 8.8 1,453 8.3 1,915 11.2 82 10.3 97 7.4 648 6.0
...2500+ grams 42,544 89.7 15,843 90.6 14,779 86.5 704 88.0 1,196 91.4 10,022 93.1
...Unknown 11 0.0 6 0.0 2 0.0 0 0 1 0.1 2 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 219 0.5 56 0.3 116 0.7 9 1.1 5 0.4 33 0.3
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 539 1.1 170 1.0 254 1.5 11 1.4 11 0.8 93 0.9
...32-36 weeks 4,299 9.1 1,601 9.2 1,719 10.1 63 7.9 100 7.6 816 7.6
...37+ weeks 42,388 89.3 15,663 89.5 14,992 87.8 717 89.6 1,192 91.1 9,824 91.2
...Unknown 6 0.0 2 0.0 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 0.0
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,232 2.6 385 2.2 470 2.8 23 2.9 14 1.1 340 3.2
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 40,993 86.4 15,670 89.6 15,018 87.9 717 89.6 1,096 83.8 8,492 78.9
...35+ years 5,226 11.0 1,437 8.2 1,596 9.3 60 7.5 198 15.1 1,935 18.0
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 10,826 22.8 2,892 16.5 2,474 14.5 160 20.0 326 24.9 4,974 46.2
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 17,158 36.2 6,590 37.7 6,532 38.2 308 38.5 412 31.5 3,316 30.8
...Some College 15,942 33.6 6,816 39.0 6,582 38.5 303 37.9 350 26.8 1,891 17.6
...Bachelors Degree 2,776 5.9 947 5.4 1,208 7.1 25 3.1 169 12.9 427 4.0
...Masters or PhD 569 1.2 188 1.1 254 1.5 4 0.5 40 3.1 83 0.8
...Unknown 180 0.4 59 0.3 34 0.2 0 0 11 0.8 76 0.7
MARITAL STATUS: 16,271 34.3 7,417 42.4 3,140 18.4 199 24.9 842 64.4 4,673 43.4
...Married
...Unmarried 31,167 65.7 10,069 57.6 13,939 81.6 601 75.1 466 35.6 6,092 56.6
...Unknown 13 0.0 6 0.0 5 0.0 0 0 0 0 2 0.0
PARITY: 14,829 31.3 5,945 34.0 5,379 31.5 263 32.9 428 32.7 2,814 26.1
...1
...2-3 20,669 43.6 7,787 44.5 7,206 42.2 361 45.1 585 44.7 4,730 43.9
...4+ 11,926 25.1 3,755 21.5 4,485 26.3 176 22.0 294 22.5 3,216 29.9
...Unknown 27 0.1 5 0.0 14 0.1 0 0 1 0.1 7 0.1
PLURITY: 45,915 96.8 16,957 96.9 16,384 95.9 764 95.5 1,279 97.8 10,531 97.8
...Singleton
...Twin 1,500 3.2 523 3.0 682 4.0 36 4.5 29 2.2 230 2.1
...Other Multiples 36 0.1 12 0.1 18 0.1 0 0 0 0 6 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 33,662 70.9 12,315 70.4 11,701 68.5 537 67.1 1,003 76.7 8,106 75.3
...Vaginal
...C-Section 13,775 29.0 5,168 29.5 5,380 31.5 263 32.9 305 23.3 2,659 24.7
...Unknown 14 0.0 9 0.1 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 2 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 29,471 62.1 11,911 68.1 10,412 60.9 434 54.3 712 54.4 6,002 55.7
...First
...Second 13,879 29.2 4,309 24.6 5,162 30.2 253 31.6 461 35.2 3,694 34.3
...Third 2,979 6.3 940 5.4 1,126 6.6 60 7.5 105 8.0 748 6.9
...No care 610 1.3 191 1.1 226 1.3 15 1.9 21 1.6 157 1.5
...Unknown 512 1.1 141 0.8 158 0.9 38 4.8 9 0.7 166 1.5
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 701 1.5 186 1.1 231 1.4 40 5.0 18 1.4 226 2.1
...Missing
...Inadequate 10,421 22.0 3,205 18.3 3,934 23.0 209 26.1 354 27.1 2,719 25.3
...Intermediate 3,065 6.5 944 5.4 1,101 6.4 62 7.8 86 6.6 872 8.1
...Adequate 12,401 26.1 4,690 26.8 4,167 24.4 208 26.0 315 24.1 3,021 28.1
...Adequate Plus 20,863 44.0 8,467 48.4 7,651 44.8 281 35.1 535 40.9 3,929 36.5
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 47,207 99.5 17,335 99.1 17,025 99.7 799 99.9 1,307 99.9 10,741 99.8
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 108 0.2 60 0.3 35 0.2 0 0 1 0.1 12 0.1
...Other 136 0.3 97 0.6 24 0.1 1 0.1 0 0 14 0.1
MOTHER SMOKED? 6,195 13.1 4,267 24.4 1,521 8.9 185 23.1 43 3.3 179 1.7
...Yes
...No 41,246 86.9 13,220 75.6 15,558 91.1 615 76.9 1,265 96.7 10,588 98.3
...Unknown 10 0.0 5 0.0 5 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 1,804 3.8 883 5.0 603 3.5 41 5.1 61 4.7 216 2.0
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 15,828 33.4 6,392 36.5 5,097 29.8 233 29.1 652 49.8 3,454 32.1
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 11,790 24.8 3,953 22.6 3,939 23.1 176 22.0 335 25.6 3,387 31.5
...Obese (30.0+) 16,993 35.8 6,017 34.4 7,086 41.5 277 34.6 222 17.0 3,391 31.5
...Unknown 1,036 2.2 247 1.4 359 2.1 73 9.1 38 2.9 319 3.0
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 34,461 72.6 12,384 70.8 11,281 66.0 396 49.5 1,029 78.7 9,371 87.0
...Yes
...No 12,900 27.2 5,061 28.9 5,770 33.8 399 49.9 279 21.3 1,391 12.9
...Unknown 90 0.2 47 0.3 33 0.2 5 0.6 0 0 5 0.0
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 37,972 80.0 15,590 89.1 15,813 92.6 761 95.1 1,101 84.2 4,707 43.7
...Prenatal Medicaid1
...Emergency Medicaid2 5,251 11.1 24 0.1 38 0.2 0 0 61 4.7 5,128 47.6
...Non-Medicaid 4,228 8.9 1,878 10.7 1,233 7.2 39 4.9 146 11.2 932 8.7

1 Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. 2 Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding.
Source: State Center for Health Statistics, N.C. Department of Health and Human Services

2018 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY COUNTY OF RESIDENCE

  TOTAL MOTHER'S PRENATAL WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births
# % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 118,957 47,451 39.9 71,506 60.1
RESIDENCE: 1,958 878 44.8 1,080 55.2
Alamance
Alexander 344 154 44.8 190 55.2
Alleghany 91 50 54.9 41 45.1
Anson 263 153 58.2 110 41.8
Ashe 199 100 50.3 99 49.7
Avery 163 81 49.7 82 50.3
Beaufort 416 265 63.7 151 36.3
Bertie 179 110 61.5 69 38.5
Bladen 371 215 58.0 156 42.0
Brunswick 987 434 44.0 553 56.0
Buncombe 2,482 958 38.6 1,524 61.4
Burke 863 456 52.8 407 47.2
Cabarrus 2,509 655 26.1 1,854 73.9
Caldwell 777 380 48.9 397 51.1
Camden 98 34 34.7 64 65.3
Carteret 501 218 43.5 283 56.5
Caswell 218 119 54.6 99 45.4
Catawba 1,693 762 45.0 931 55.0
Chatham 650 220 33.8 430 66.2
Cherokee 258 137 53.1 121 46.9
Chowan 143 83 58.0 60 42.0
Clay 83 47 56.6 36 43.4
Cleveland 1,162 681 58.6 481 41.4
Columbus 566 314 55.5 252 44.5
Craven 1,337 617 46.1 720 53.9
Cumberland 5,402 2,484 46.0 2,918 54.0
Currituck 263 77 29.3 186 70.7
Dare 318 122 38.4 196 61.6
Davidson 1,751 777 44.4 974 55.6
Davie 398 152 38.2 246 61.8
Duplin 707 406 57.4 301 42.6
Durham 4,151 1,439 34.7 2,712 65.3
Edgecombe 593 404 68.1 189 31.9
Forsyth 4,330 1,831 42.3 2,499 57.7
Franklin 697 232 33.3 465 66.7
Gaston 2,526 948 37.5 1,578 62.5
Gates 94 32 34.0 62 66.0
Graham 78 59 75.6 19 24.4
Granville 590 197 33.4 393 66.6
Greene 206 119 57.8 87 42.2
Guilford 6,115 2,681 43.8 3,434 56.2
Halifax 537 348 64.8 189 35.2
Harnett 1,845 688 37.3 1,157 62.7
Haywood 541 257 47.5 284 52.5
Henderson 1,093 437 40.0 656 60.0
Hertford 230 128 55.7 102 44.3
Hoke 846 285 33.7 561 66.3
Hyde 35 14 40.0 21 60.0
Iredell 1,891 659 34.8 1,232 65.2
Jackson 366 156 42.6 210 57.4
Johnston 2,299 790 34.4 1,509 65.6
Jones 88 42 47.7 46 52.3
Lee 792 405 51.1 387 48.9
Lenoir 624 355 56.9 269 43.1
Lincoln 856 323 37.7 533 62.3
McDowell 418 238 56.9 180 43.1
Macon 322 168 52.2 154 47.8
Madison 221 100 45.2 121 54.8
Martin 247 149 60.3 98 39.7
Mecklenburg 14,651 4,249 29.0 10,402 71.0
Mitchell 149 65 43.6 84 56.4
Montgomery 278 184 66.2 94 33.8
Moore 1,168 394 33.7 774 66.3
Nash 1,046 611 58.4 435 41.6
New Hanover 2,146 720 33.6 1,426 66.4
Northampton 171 100 58.5 71 41.5
Onslow 3,923 1,495 38.1 2,428 61.9
Orange 1,134 350 30.9 784 69.1
Pamlico 90 60 66.7 30 33.3
Pasquotank 454 228 50.2 226 49.8
Pender 623 261 41.9 362 58.1
Perquimans 121 57 47.1 64 52.9
Person 400 221 55.3 179 44.8
Pitt 2,085 991 47.5 1,094 52.5
Polk 149 53 35.6 96 64.4
Randolph 1,520 715 47.0 805 53.0
Richmond 555 371 66.8 184 33.2
Robeson 1,699 816 48.0 883 52.0
Rockingham 913 440 48.2 473 51.8
Rowan 1,593 689 43.3 904 56.7
Rutherford 654 424 64.8 230 35.2
Sampson 834 462 55.4 372 44.6
Scotland 443 324 73.1 119 26.9
Stanly 676 299 44.2 377 55.8
Stokes 396 168 42.4 228 57.6
Surry 757 338 44.6 419 55.4
Swain 141 51 36.2 90 63.8
Transylvania 278 119 42.8 159 57.2
Tyrrell 34 18 52.9 16 47.1
Union 2,455 607 24.7 1,848 75.3
Vance 562 357 63.5 205 36.5
Wake 12,580 3,262 25.9 9,318 74.1
Warren 159 102 64.2 57 35.8
Washington 129 95 73.6 34 26.4
Watauga 354 122 34.5 232 65.5
Wayne 1,638 838 51.2 800 48.8
Wilkes 696 371 53.3 325 46.7
Wilson 976 562 57.6 414 42.4
Yadkin 363 159 43.8 204 56.2
Yancey 183 80 43.7 103 56.3

% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding.
Source: State Center for Health Statistics, N.C. Department of Health and Human Services