RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2019 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
BY MATERNAL PRENATAL WIC STATUS

  TOTAL MOTHER'S WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births Births
# % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 118,725 100.0 44,949 37.9 73,776 62.1
RACE/ETHNICITY: 63,526 53.5 16,208 36.1 47,318 64.1
...White, Non-Hispanic
...Black, Non-Hispanic 28,975 24.4 16,494 36.7 12,481 16.9
...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic 1,579 1.3 721 1.6 858 1.2
...Other, Non-Hispanic 5,544 4.7 1,211 2.7 4,333 5.9
...Hispanic 19,101 16.1 10,315 22.9 8,786 11.9
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 257 0.2 29 0.1 228 0.3
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 1,751 1.5 641 1.4 1,110 1.5
...1500-2499 grams 9,070 7.6 4,097 9.1 4,973 6.7
...2500+ grams 107,611 90.6 40,175 89.4 67,436 91.4
...Unknown 36 0.0 7 0.0 29 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 803 0.7 223 0.5 580 0.8
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 1,407 1.2 530 1.2 877 1.2
...32-36 weeks 10,432 8.8 4,290 9.5 6,142 8.3
...37+ weeks 106,038 89.3 39,903 88.8 66,135 89.6
...Unknown 45 0.0 3 0.0 42 0.1
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,584 1.3 1,146 2.5 438 0.6
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 97,483 82.1 38,721 86.1 58,762 79.6
...35+ years 19,650 16.6 5,079 11.3 14,571 19.8
...Unknown 8 0.0 3 0.0 5 0.0
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 15,195 12.8 9,971 22.2 5,224 7.1
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 29,578 24.9 16,817 37.4 12,761 17.3
...Some College 35,860 30.2 14,693 32.7 21,167 28.7
...Bachelors Degree 23,941 20.2 2,709 6.0 21,232 28.8
...Masters or PhD 13,723 11.6 545 1.2 13,178 17.9
...Unknown 428 0.4 214 0.5 214 0.3
MARITAL STATUS: 69,362 58.4 14,930 33.2 54,432 73.8
...Married
...Unmarried 49,310 41.5 30,002 66.7 19,308 26.2
...Unknown 53 0.0 17 0.0 36 0.0
PARITY: 38,084 32.1 13,852 30.8 24,232 32.8
...1
...2-3 54,379 45.8 19,309 43.0 35,070 47.5
...4+ 26,173 22.0 11,759 26.2 14,414 19.5
...Unknown 89 0.1 29 0.1 60 0.1
PLURITY: 114,883 96.8 43,383 96.5 71,500 96.9
...Singleton
...Twin 3,753 3.2 1,535 3.4 2,218 3.0
...Other Multiples 89 0.1 31 0.1 58 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 84,204 70.9 31,801 70.7 52,403 71.0
...Vaginal
...C-Section 34,482 29.0 13,138 29.2 21,344 28.9
...Unknown 39 0.0 10 0.0 29 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 80,125 67.5 28,143 62.6 51,982 70.5
...First
...Second 27,056 22.8 12,557 27.9 14,499 19.7
...Third 7,316 6.2 2,942 6.5 4,374 5.9
...No care 2,941 2.5 800 1.8 2,141 2.9
...Unknown 1,287 1.1 507 1.1 780 1.1
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 1,730 1.5 677 1.5 1,053 1.4
...Missing
...Inadequate 23,200 19.5 9,941 22.1 13,259 18.0
...Intermediate 5,921 5.0 2,557 5.7 3,364 4.6
...Adequate 29,288 24.7 10,693 23.8 18,595 25.2
...Adequate Plus 58,586 49.3 21,081 46.9 37,505 50.8
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 117,109 98.6 44,714 99.5 72,395 98.1
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 721 0.6 114 0.3 607 0.8
...Other 895 0.8 121 0.3 774 1.0
MOTHER SMOKED? 8,991 7.6 5,384 12.0 3,607 4.9
...Yes
...No 109,690 92.4 39,546 88.0 70,144 95.1
...Unknown 44 0.0 19 0.0 25 0.0
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 3,859 3.3 1,671 3.7 2,188 3.0
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 46,744 39.4 14,378 32.0 32,366 43.9
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 30,242 25.5 11,271 25.1 18,971 25.7
...Obese (30.0+) 35,301 29.7 16,596 36.9 18,705 25.4
...Unknown 2,579 2.2 1,033 2.3 1,546 2.1
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 95,896 80.8 32,606 72.5 63,290 85.8
...Yes
...No 22,490 18.9 12,250 27.3 10,240 13.9
...Unknown 339 0.3 93 0.2 246 0.3
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 56,580 47.7 36,042 80.2 20,538 27.8
...Prenatal Medicaid1
...Emergency Medicaid2 7,365 6.2 4,880 10.9 2,485 3.4
...Non-Medicaid 54,780 46.1 4,027 9.0 50,753 68.8

1Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. 2Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding
Source: State Center for Health Statistics NC Department of Health and Human Services

RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS FOR
2019 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY RACE/ETHNICITY

  TOTAL RACE/ETHNICITY:
...White, Non-Hispanic ...Black, Non-Hispanic ...Am. Ind., Non-Hispanic ...Other, Non-Hispanic ...Hispanic
Births Births Births Births Births Births
# % # % # % # % # % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 44,949 100.0 16,208 36.1 16,494 36.7 721 1.6 1,211 2.7 10,315 22.9
BIRTHWEIGHT GROUP: 29 0.1 4 0.0 21 0.1 0 0 0 0 4 0.0
...Less than 500 grams
...500-1499 grams 641 1.4 185 1.1 339 2.1 4 0.6 10 0.8 103 1.0
...1500-2499 grams 4,097 9.1 1,301 8.0 2,031 12.3 65 9.0 94 7.8 606 5.9
...2500+ grams 40,175 89.4 14,715 90.8 14,101 85.5 651 90.3 1,107 91.4 9,601 93.1
...Unknown 7 0.0 3 0.0 2 0.0 1 0.1 0 0 1 0.0
(OBSTETRIC) WEEKS OF GESTATION: 223 0.5 63 0.4 128 0.8 1 0.1 5 0.4 26 0.3
...< 27 weeks
...27-31 weeks 530 1.2 157 1.0 251 1.5 5 0.7 12 1.0 105 1.0
...32-36 weeks 4,290 9.5 1,536 9.5 1,797 10.9 52 7.2 98 8.1 807 7.8
...37+ weeks 39,903 88.8 14,452 89.2 14,317 86.8 663 92.0 1,096 90.5 9,375 90.9
...Unknown 3 0.0 0 0 1 0.0 0 0 0 0 2 0.0
MOTHER'S AGE: 1,146 2.5 325 2.0 455 2.8 29 4.0 15 1.2 322 3.1
...< 18 years
...18-34 years 38,721 86.1 14,484 89.4 14,455 87.6 638 88.5 1,006 83.1 8,138 78.9
...35+ years 5,079 11.3 1,399 8.6 1,584 9.6 54 7.5 190 15.7 1,852 18.0
...Unknown 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0.0
MOTHER'S EDUCATION: 9,971 22.2 2,576 15.9 2,294 13.9 134 18.6 294 24.3 4,673 45.3
...Less than High School
...High School Graduate or GED 16,817 37.4 6,343 39.1 6,556 39.7 309 42.9 390 32.2 3,219 31.2
...Some College 14,693 32.7 6,185 38.2 6,118 37.1 253 35.1 322 26.6 1,815 17.6
...Bachelors Degree 2,709 6.0 903 5.6 1,241 7.5 19 2.6 148 12.2 398 3.9
...Masters or PhD 545 1.2 150 0.9 250 1.5 6 0.8 45 3.7 94 0.9
...Unknown 214 0.5 51 0.3 35 0.2 0 0 12 1.0 116 1.1
MARITAL STATUS: 14,930 33.2 6,690 41.3 3,009 18.2 180 25.0 774 63.9 4,277 41.5
...Married
...Unmarried 30,002 66.7 9,510 58.7 13,483 81.7 541 75.0 433 35.8 6,035 58.5
...Unknown 17 0.0 8 0.0 2 0.0 0 0 4 0.3 3 0.0
PARITY: 13,852 30.8 5,453 33.6 5,047 30.6 260 36.1 365 30.1 2,727 26.4
...1
...2-3 19,309 43.0 7,056 43.5 6,907 41.9 304 42.2 558 46.1 4,484 43.5
...4+ 11,759 26.2 3,688 22.8 4,530 27.5 157 21.8 288 23.8 3,096 30.0
...Unknown 29 0.1 11 0.1 10 0.1 0 0 0 0 8 0.1
PLURITY: 43,383 96.5 15,664 96.6 15,756 95.5 707 98.1 1,183 97.7 10,073 97.7
...Singleton
...Twin 1,535 3.4 536 3.3 721 4.4 14 1.9 28 2.3 236 2.3
...Other Multiples 31 0.1 8 0.0 17 0.1 0 0 0 0 6 0.1
METHOD OF DELIVERY: 31,801 70.7 11,329 69.9 11,254 68.2 513 71.2 898 74.2 7,807 75.7
...Vaginal
...C-Section 13,138 29.2 4,873 30.1 5,238 31.8 208 28.8 313 25.8 2,506 24.3
...Unknown 10 0.0 6 0.0 2 0.0 0 0 0 0 2 0.0
TRIMESTER CARE BEGAN: 28,143 62.6 11,080 68.4 10,319 62.6 452 62.7 655 54.1 5,637 54.6
...First
...Second 12,557 27.9 3,748 23.1 4,752 28.8 181 25.1 434 35.8 3,442 33.4
...Third 2,942 6.5 987 6.1 996 6.0 52 7.2 99 8.2 808 7.8
...No care 800 1.8 218 1.3 299 1.8 24 3.3 16 1.3 243 2.4
...Unknown 507 1.1 175 1.1 128 0.8 12 1.7 7 0.6 185 1.8
KOTELCHUCK INDEX: 677 1.5 228 1.4 176 1.1 12 1.7 10 0.8 251 2.4
...Missing
...Inadequate 9,941 22.1 2,939 18.1 3,665 22.2 173 24.0 315 26.0 2,849 27.6
...Intermediate 2,557 5.7 797 4.9 989 6.0 40 5.5 51 4.2 680 6.6
...Adequate 10,693 23.8 4,009 24.7 3,689 22.4 172 23.9 258 21.3 2,565 24.9
...Adequate Plus 21,081 46.9 8,235 50.8 7,975 48.4 324 44.9 577 47.6 3,970 38.5
PLACE OF DELIVERY: 44,714 99.5 16,077 99.2 16,428 99.6 720 99.9 1,200 99.1 10,289 99.7
...Hospital
...Home Birth (Intentional or not) 114 0.3 54 0.3 41 0.2 0 0 6 0.5 13 0.1
...Other 121 0.3 77 0.5 25 0.2 1 0.1 5 0.4 13 0.1
MOTHER SMOKED? 5,384 12.0 3,731 23.0 1,333 8.1 146 20.2 31 2.6 143 1.4
...Yes
...No 39,546 88.0 12,471 76.9 15,148 91.8 575 79.8 1,180 97.4 10,172 98.6
...Unknown 19 0.0 6 0.0 13 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
PRE-PREGNANCY BMI: 1,671 3.7 794 4.9 566 3.4 33 4.6 68 5.6 210 2.0
...Underweight (<18.5)
...Normal (18.5-24.9) 14,378 32.0 5,638 34.8 4,735 28.7 240 33.3 548 45.3 3,217 31.2
...Overweight (25.0-29.9) 11,271 25.1 3,733 23.0 3,803 23.1 139 19.3 310 25.6 3,286 31.9
...Obese (30.0+) 16,596 36.9 5,799 35.8 7,014 42.5 265 36.8 258 21.3 3,260 31.6
...Unknown 1,033 2.3 244 1.5 376 2.3 44 6.1 27 2.2 342 3.3
INFANT BEING BREASTFED AT DISCHARGE: 32,606 72.5 11,526 71.1 10,843 65.7 341 47.3 952 78.6 8,944 86.7
...Yes
...No 12,250 27.3 4,629 28.6 5,627 34.1 372 51.6 258 21.3 1,364 13.2
...Unknown 93 0.2 53 0.3 24 0.1 8 1.1 1 0.1 7 0.1
MOTHER'S MEDICAID STATUS: 36,042 80.2 14,535 89.7 15,212 92.2 681 94.5 1,026 84.7 4,588 44.5
...Prenatal Medicaid1
...Emergency Medicaid2 4,880 10.9 14 0.1 29 0.2 0 0 36 3.0 4,801 46.5
...Non-Medicaid 4,027 9.0 1,659 10.2 1,253 7.6 40 5.5 149 12.3 926 9.0

1Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. 2Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding.
Source: State Center for Health Statistics NC Department of Health and Human Services

2019 NORTH CAROLINA RESIDENT LIVE BIRTHS:
MOTHERS ENROLLED IN PRENATAL WIC BY COUNTY OF RESIDENCE

  TOTAL MOTHER'S PRENATAL WIC STATUS:
Prenatal WIC No Prenatal WIC
Births Births
# % # %
TOTAL RESIDENT BIRTHS 118,725 44,949 37.9 73,776 62.1
RESIDENCE: 1,863 809 43.4 1,054 56.6
Alamance
Alexander 357 139 38.9 218 61.1
Alleghany 79 45 57.0 34 43.0
Anson 254 168 66.1 86 33.9
Ashe 204 107 52.5 97 47.5
Avery 135 64 47.4 71 52.6
Beaufort 433 267 61.7 166 38.3
Bertie 161 106 65.8 55 34.2
Bladen 344 167 48.5 177 51.5
Brunswick 1,026 439 42.8 587 57.2
Buncombe 2,464 946 38.4 1,518 61.6
Burke 890 451 50.7 439 49.3
Cabarrus 2,537 609 24.0 1,928 76.0
Caldwell 882 426 48.3 456 51.7
Camden 104 30 28.8 74 71.2
Carteret 521 223 42.8 298 57.2
Caswell 209 111 53.1 98 46.9
Catawba 1,687 735 43.6 952 56.4
Chatham 609 204 33.5 405 66.5
Cherokee 245 136 55.5 109 44.5
Chowan 123 67 54.5 56 45.5
Clay 86 52 60.5 34 39.5
Cleveland 1,146 571 49.8 575 50.2
Columbus 562 316 56.2 246 43.8
Craven 1,319 556 42.2 763 57.8
Cumberland 5,462 2,369 43.4 3,093 56.6
Currituck 259 63 24.3 196 75.7
Dare 310 93 30.0 217 70.0
Davidson 1,775 752 42.4 1,023 57.6
Davie 402 155 38.6 247 61.4
Duplin 718 396 55.2 322 44.8
Durham 4,158 1,297 31.2 2,861 68.8
Edgecombe 572 394 68.9 178 31.1
Forsyth 4,410 1,756 39.8 2,654 60.2
Franklin 770 272 35.3 498 64.7
Gaston 2,599 1,010 38.9 1,589 61.1
Gates 97 36 37.1 61 62.9
Graham 97 67 69.1 30 30.9
Granville 568 196 34.5 372 65.5
Greene 225 120 53.3 105 46.7
Guilford 6,045 2,480 41.0 3,565 59.0
Halifax 537 338 62.9 199 37.1
Harnett 1,860 655 35.2 1,205 64.8
Haywood 525 225 42.9 300 57.1
Henderson 1,022 387 37.9 635 62.1
Hertford 195 128 65.6 67 34.4
Hoke 867 282 32.5 585 67.5
Hyde 37 28 75.7 9 24.3
Iredell 1,884 615 32.6 1,269 67.4
Jackson 372 154 41.4 218 58.6
Johnston 2,522 809 32.1 1,713 67.9
Jones 92 39 42.4 53 57.6
Lee 781 334 42.8 447 57.2
Lenoir 619 346 55.9 273 44.1
Lincoln 871 284 32.6 587 67.4
McDowell 434 229 52.8 205 47.2
Macon 318 181 56.9 137 43.1
Madison 181 78 43.1 103 56.9
Martin 221 148 67.0 73 33.0
Mecklenburg 14,398 3,882 27.0 10,516 73.0
Mitchell 127 68 53.5 59 46.5
Montgomery 278 170 61.2 108 38.8
Moore 1,147 303 26.4 844 73.6
Nash 1,101 605 55.0 496 45.0
New Hanover 2,172 696 32.0 1,476 68.0
Northampton 165 91 55.2 74 44.8
Onslow 3,821 1,356 35.5 2,465 64.5
Orange 1,164 329 28.3 835 71.7
Pamlico 73 39 53.4 34 46.6
Pasquotank 474 252 53.2 222 46.8
Pender 624 254 40.7 370 59.3
Perquimans 118 61 51.7 57 48.3
Person 435 214 49.2 221 50.8
Pitt 2,079 940 45.2 1,139 54.8
Polk 166 61 36.7 105 63.3
Randolph 1,546 674 43.6 872 56.4
Richmond 561 361 64.3 200 35.7
Robeson 1,731 816 47.1 915 52.9
Rockingham 885 442 49.9 443 50.1
Rowan 1,548 595 38.4 953 61.6
Rutherford 680 372 54.7 308 45.3
Sampson 727 375 51.6 352 48.4
Scotland 442 329 74.4 113 25.6
Stanly 668 289 43.3 379 56.7
Stokes 370 127 34.3 243 65.7
Surry 766 340 44.4 426 55.6
Swain 181 68 37.6 113 62.4
Transylvania 262 109 41.6 153 58.4
Tyrrell 30 17 56.7 13 43.3
Union 2,279 535 23.5 1,744 76.5
Vance 570 322 56.5 248 43.5
Wake 12,689 3,142 24.8 9,547 75.2
Warren 145 104 71.7 41 28.3
Washington 132 93 70.5 39 29.5
Watauga 313 106 33.9 207 66.1
Wayne 1,619 860 53.1 759 46.9
Wilkes 669 318 47.5 351 52.5
Wilson 976 546 55.9 430 44.1
Yadkin 375 151 40.3 224 59.7
Yancey 174 77 44.3 97 55.7

1Medicaid paid for prenatal care and delivery. 2Medicaid paid for delivery only, not prenatal care.
% Columns may not sum to 100.0% due to rounding
Source: State Center for Health Statistics NC Department of Health and Human Services